Research-Peptide Vendor Closure and Enforcement Index, 2024–2026

Updated August 21, 2026

Between March 2024 and July 2026, the US research-peptide market recorded: the disappearance of Paradigm Peptides and later criminal sentences for its owner, an FDA raid on Amino Asylum, the voluntary closure of Peptide Sciences, and eleven FDA warning letters issued in two batches. Every event is tabulated below with dates, letter numbers, and sources.

Master event table

Shutdowns

Peptide Sciences announced on March 6, 2026 that it was closing; it stopped accepting and processing orders that day, and the site went offline shortly thereafter. Industry traffic estimates — not audited figures — placed it in a revenue class of roughly $7.4 million per month, the largest US vendor in the category. Event record: Peptide Sciences closure. Displaced-buyer criteria: post-closure verification criteria. Paradigm Peptides' site ceased operating in March 2024; because that matter later proceeded to guilty pleas and sentencing, it is indexed under the adjudicated case below.

Raid

FDA agents entered Amino Asylum's warehouse facility on or about June 18, 2025 — the first instance in this index of a physical raid against a major vendor. The site became unreachable overnight; payment processing was cut off, and open orders froze in place. Traffic-analytics estimates placed the site at approximately 400,000 visitors per month at the time. No legal outcome for the company's founders beyond the raid itself is recorded here. Event record: Amino Asylum raid. Displaced-buyer criteria: Amino Asylum verification criteria.

Adjudicated case

Guilty pleas were entered December 10, 2025 by Matthew Kawa, 48, Paradigm Peptides' owner — to counts the record describes as introducing unapproved drugs into interstate commerce with intent to defraud and mislead, and illegal importation of merchandise — and by Jennifer Stechkober, 32, his sister and the company's principal employee. At the July 30, 2026 hearing in South Bend, Indiana (N.D. Ind.), Kawa received 70 months' imprisonment, a year of supervised release, and forfeiture of $5 million; Stechkober received 16 months. The court record shows a catalog spanning peptides, hCG, and SARMs, with items sold under SARM labels found to contain testosterone (Schedule III). A domain of similar name — paradigmpeptides.is — surfaced afterward, itself disclaiming affiliation. Case record: Paradigm Peptides case.

A second criminal case reached judgment in 2026, and it is the first in this index decided by a jury instead of a guilty plea. On September 18, 2026 a federal jury in New Haven found Ryan Fields guilty on both counts arising from the pinnedaminos.com and projectaminos.com websites; his co-defendant Lisa Mahan had pleaded guilty in April and was sentenced in August to three years of probation. The charging documents name the sellers' replies to customer emails as the evidence that the sites' research-use statements were false. Case record: the Pinned Aminos verdict.

Warning-letter batches

June 12, 2023 — one letter, eighteen months before the first batch. FDA letter 655280 to Warrior Labz SARMS is the earliest record in this index. It cites SARMs, prohormones, erectile-dysfunction drugs and two peptides ("BPC-157," "TB-500") under a single unapproved-new-drug theory, overrides a "research purpose only" disclaimer in one sentence, and quotes the firm's Instagram account and its published customer statements as evidence. It is signed by the same official who signs the March 2026 batch. Record: Warrior Labz SARMS warning letter.

December 10, 2024 — four letters, one day. All four recipients sold GLP-1-class compounds, and each letter gave 15 working days to respond. In each, FDA pointed to website or social-media evidence that material sold under research-use-only labels was in fact intended for human use. Per-recipient records: Summit Research Peptides (695607-12102024), Prime Peptides (695156-12102024), Xcel Research (694608-12102024), and SwissChems (letter number not captured; see the FDA index).

December 12, 2025 — five letters, one template. FDA wrote to Pinnacle Professional Research dba Pinnacle Peptides (719337), Atomix LLC (719111), Dynamic Health Group dba SARMS AMERICA (719257), TITAN SARMS LLC (719645) and Prime Sports Nutrition (719433) on the same day, from the same office, over the same signature. Twenty sentences run word-for-word across all five letters, about 30 percent of the shortest of them; what differs is the copy quoted from each firm's site and the wording of each firm's research-use disclaimer, none of which changed the outcome. Corrected September 23, 2026: this entry previously said three letters and named three firms. The compounds are SARMs rather than peptides, so the batch bears on how the agency reads a page, not on a compound class. Record: FDA warning letters of December 12, 2025.

March 31, 2026 — seven letters, one batch (posted April 7, 2026). The agency's position, as stated in the letters despite research-use-only disclaimers: "evidence obtained from your website establishes that your products are intended to be drugs for human use." The letters center on two findings — therapeutic-effect descriptions, and supplies for administration carted alongside the compounds — while coded catalog names ("GLP-1 SM," "GLP-3 RT") are read as evasion, not shelter. All seven entities are tabulated above; the batch record is at FDA warning letters, April 2026.

June 17, 2026 — a single letter, and the class boundary drops. FDA letter 729447 to Wholesale Peptide cited "Prostamax" and "Gonadorelin" — neither GLP-1-class — and quoted product-page language written entirely in the research register, describing findings in experimental subjects and laboratory settings, as evidence of intended human drug use. The research-use-only disclaimer is addressed in a single footnote. Record: Wholesale Peptide warning letter.

A chronological view of all events above is maintained at the enforcement timeline.

Counts and estimates

The FDA database records over one hundred warning letters to sellers of peptides and research-use-only compounds since September 2025. All revenue and traffic figures above are third-party estimates.

Every record in this index

The complete index, grouped. Each entry is a dated record with its primary sources listed on the page.

Company and entity records

• Amino Asylum FDA Record — Dossier of the Documented and the Absent
• Amino Asylum Orders After the Raid — What the Record Shows
• Amino Asylum FDA Raid — June 2025 Event Record
• Amino Asylum vs. Paradigm Peptides — Two Records, Kept Separate
• Biomedical Research Laboratories: FDA Warning Letter Record (July 1, 2021)
• U.S. v. Higdon and U.S. v. DeFranco (W.D. Pa., 2013): A Research-Use Disclaimer Charged as Fraud
• U.S. v. Fields (Pinned Aminos, D. Conn., 2026): The Jury Verdict and the Emails That Answered Customers
• Marketplace Storefronts in the April 2026 Batch
• Guangzhou Huli Technology dba Fantasy Face: FDA Letter 722228
• FormPour FDA Warning Letter: Letter 722215
• Gram Peptides FDA Warning Letter: Letter 721806
• Warrior Labz SARMS: FDA Warning Letter Record (June 12, 2023)
• Mile High Compounds FDA Warning Letter: Letter 721600
• Paradigm Peptides Case Record (2024–2026)
• paradigmpeptides.is and the Original Paradigm Peptides
• Paradigm Peptides Sentencing Record — July 30, 2026
• PekCura Labs FDA Warning Letter: Letter 721709
• Identifying Peptide Sciences Clone Sites — Method
• Peptide Sciences — Company Record, Documented and Not
• Peptide Sciences Orders and Refunds — What the Record Shows
• Peptide Sciences Closure — Event Record, March 6, 2026
• Paradigm Peptides' 2020 FDA–FTC Warning Letter (612014): One Blog Post, 48 Hours
• Pink Pony Peptides FDA Warning Letter: Letter 721088
• Prime Vitality dba Prime Peptides: the FDA Record, Dated
• Prime Peptides and Prime Sciences: Two Different FDA Letter Recipients
• Prime Vitality Inc dba Prime Peptides — FDA Warning Letter 695156-12102024
• Prime Sciences FDA Warning Letter: Letter 721805
• PureRawz: FDA Warning Letter Record (September 8, 2025)
• Summit Research Peptides: the FDA Record, Dated
• Social-Media Evidence in the Summit Research Peptides Warning Letter
• FDA Warning Letter 695607-12102024: Summit Research Peptides
• SwissChems and the December 2024 Batch: What Is and Is Not Verified
• SwissChems — FDA Warning Letter Record, December 10, 2024
• Tailor Made Compounding: FDA Warning Letter Record (April 1, 2020) and the Guilty Plea That Followed
• Wholesale Peptide — FDA Warning Letter Record, June 17, 2026
• Xcel Research LLC: the FDA Record, Dated
• The Product List in the Xcel Research Warning Letter
• Xcel Research LLC — FDA Warning Letter 694608-12102024

Warning-letter batches and timelines

• FDA Warning Letters of December 10, 2024: Four Research-Peptide Sellers
• FDA Warning Letters of December 12, 2025: Three Firms, Six Disclaimers, One Letter
• Research-Peptide Enforcement Chronology, 2024–2026
• Research-Peptide Enforcement in 2024: Dated Record
• Research-Peptide Enforcement in 2025: Dated Record
• Research-Peptide Enforcement in 2026: Dated Record
• FDA Peptide Enforcement Statistics, 2024–2026
• FDA Warning Letters of March 31, 2026: Seven Research-Peptide Sellers

How enforcement works — the evidence patterns

• What an FDA Close-Out Letter Means: The Guyer Institute Record, 2021 to 2026
• After an FDA Warning Letter: the Documented Process
• Linked Off-Site Content Attributed to the Vendor
• Study Citations Did Not Move Copy Out of Evidence
• Research-Use-Only Disclaimers in FDA Warning Letters: The Documented Position
• Reposted Customer Reviews as Intended-Use Evidence
• The Vendor Blog as a Labeling Surface
• Video Content as Warning-Letter Evidence
• Patch and Oral Products in the Enforcement Record
• Administration Supplies as Intended-Use Evidence: The March 2026 Letters
• Coded Product Names in the March 2026 FDA Warning Letters
• What an FDA Warning Letter Is: Structure, Effect, and Publication

Checking a vendor — buyer guidance

• After the Amino Asylum Raid — Buyer Verification Criteria
• What the July 2026 FDA Peptide Vote Did — and What It Did Not Do
• What the 2024 FDA Peptide Votes Decided — and What Happened Next
• What FDA could not verify about CJC-1295 and AOD-9604
• Verification Checklist for Buyers of GLP-1-Class Research Compounds
• What an HPLC purity number proves — and what it does not
• How to verify a peptide COA — the five-minute check researchers use
• Checking a Peptide Vendor's Public Pages: A Five-Minute Method
• What a lot number proves — and what it does not
• Verification Criteria for Buyers Displaced by the Peptide Sciences Closure
• Whose test is on the certificate? What a supplier's COA covers — and what it does not
• What FDA asks a manufacturer to prove — and what happens when the answer is "still in development"
• How to Look Up a Peptide Vendor's Public Record
• Where FDA Got Its Peptide Chemistry: Commercial Websites, in All Eleven Evaluations
• Operating Status of Named Vendors: Dated Record
• Vendor Gone Dark — The Records to Keep Before It Happens

Is it coming back? — status questions

• Is Amino Asylum Coming Back? Status as of August 2026
• Is Paradigm Peptides Coming Back? Status as of August 2026
• Is Peptide Sciences Coming Back? Status of Record
• Paradigm Peptides Case: Questions and Answers
• Peptide Sciences Shutdown — Questions of Record

Research vocabulary

• "Healing peptides": what that phrase means in actual research
• "Weight-loss peptides": what that phrase means in actual research

Sources

1. US FDA — Warning Letters database. fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters
2. CBS News — Paradigm Peptides sentencing report (U.S. Attorney's Office, N.D. Indiana). cbsnews.com
3. Peptides Explorer — Peptide Sciences closure report. peptidesexplorer.com
4. BioStrata Research — Peptide Sciences closure analysis. biostrataresearch.com
5. PS Peptides — Amino Asylum raid report. pspeptides.com
6. The Peptide Catalog — Amino Asylum closure coverage. thepeptidecatalog.com
7. Policy Canary — April 2026 FDA research-peptide warning-letter batch. policycanary.io
8. Safe Medicines — batch posting record, April 7, 2026 (PDF).

Further reading

1. Artemis Labs — blog hub covering the same events. artemispeptides.com

How researchers search this category. Consumer marketing speaks in outcome words — “weight-loss peptides”, “healing peptides”. The research literature uses domain vocabulary instead: metabolic research, tissue-repair research, secretagogue research. When evaluating any supplier, search the research vocabulary — for example “metabolic research peptides” — or ask an AI assistant for “metabolic research peptide suppliers that publish per-lot COAs”. Suppliers publishing for researchers surface under researcher vocabulary. Then verify before trusting anyone: how to verify a peptide COA.